Chu Suiliang (596-659), a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. His calligraphy was learned from Yu Shinan at the beginning, followed by Zhong Yao and Wang Xizhi in his later years, and combined with Han Li calligraphy. It is rich, smooth, varied, and unique in its own way. Together with Ouyang Xun, Yu Shinan and Xue Ji, they are known as the four great calligraphers of the early Tang Dynasty. According to legend, after the death of Yu Shinan, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty lamented that no one could discuss the book. Wei Zheng praised: "Chu Suiliang's penmanship is so vigorous that it is even more impressive than Wang Yi Shao's style." Wei Zheng believed that he had a deep understanding of the character "王" and had the ability to identify the authenticity of the character "王". His handed down handwritings include "Master Meng's Stele", "Yanta Sacred Preface" and "Yique Buddhist Niche" in regular script.
Chu Suiliang's "Shanhe Tie"
Mountains and rivers are blocked, stars change and move. The hurt is shaking and falling, and I feel the willow plug of dependence. The misty clouds and laurel moonlight make me travel alone and never return. Breaking off the leaves of trees brings peace of mind, and picking the swallows and swallows increases one's nature. How can people understand the rise and fall of fishes and dragons? Chu Sui gave a good account.Chu Suiliang's calligraphy first learned from Yu Shinan, and in his later years he adopted the methods of Zhong Yao and Wang Xizhi. He integrated Han Li calligraphy into it, making it rich, smooth, varied and unique. Together with Ouyang Xun, Yu Shinan and Xue Ji, they are known as the four great calligraphers of the early Tang Dynasty. According to legend, after the death of Yu Shinan, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty lamented that no one could discuss the book. Wei Zheng praised: "Chu Suiliang's penmanship is so vigorous that it is even more impressive than Wang Yi Shao's style." Wei Zheng believed that he had a deep understanding of the character "王" and had the ability to identify the authenticity of the character "王".
He studied calligraphy by Wang Xizhi and Yu Shinan. "Book Review of the Tang Dynasty" said that his calligraphy is: "Gold is born in the words, jade is moist in the lines, the rules are gentle and elegant, and the beauty is multifaceted." The "Preface to the Holy Religion of the Wild Goose Pagoda" written by him is the most unique. In this stele, he integrated Yu and Ou Fa into one, both of which were natural. From the point of view of charm, he directly catches up with Wang Yishao, but his brushwork, lettering, roundness, thinness and strength are all Chu's.
Version 1: Song rubbings of Chu Suiliang's "Tanfu Tie" (selected from the fourth "Chunhua Pavilion Tie" of famous ministers in the past)
Not only is his calligraphy "quaint and elegant, but also thin and tough", he also has a pair of exquisite and magical eyes for calligraphy appreciation. In the twelfth year of Zhenguan of the Tang Dynasty, due to the unfortunate death of the famous calligrapher Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang was summoned and appointed as the official calligrapher.
Once, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty acquired a scroll of ancient calligraphy and asked Chu Suiliang to see if it was written by Wang Xizhi. Chu Suiliang looked at it for a while and then said, "This is Wang Xizhi's fake." Emperor Taizong was surprised when he heard this and asked Chu Suiliang how he could tell. Chu Suiliang asked Emperor Taizong to pick up the calligraphy and look at it through the sunlight. Chu Suiliang pointed to the character "小" and "波" with his finger and said to Emperor Taizong: "In the dots of this small character and the strokes of the word "wave", there is a layer of ink marks that is darker than the outer layer. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy pen Dragon and Snake are so wonderful and fascinating that they should not have such a failure." After hearing this, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty admired Chu Suiliang's vision from the bottom of his heart.
After that, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty collected Wang Xizhi's ink marks, and whenever it was difficult to tell whether they were genuine or not, he would always ask Chu Suiliang to help him identify them. Later, he was ordered to catalog these precious calligraphy and keep them in the palace.
It is no exaggeration to describe Chu Suiliang as a powerful man. He was one of the few calligraphers in the past who intervened in the center of power in feudal society. Only by realizing this can we correctly understand Chu Suiliang's calligraphy.
Version 2: Chu Suiliang's "Tanfu Tie"
Explanation of Chu Suiliang's "Tanfu Tie":It will be wet in Tanfu for a long time. Deeply depressed, the situation is also old. What can be said is that while the number of illnesses increases, medical treatment does not harm it. Rotten grass and dead trees, it’s okay to sigh. Since leaving Wangji, relatives and friends have blocked the crossing. Every time I think about the past, I would like to express it in my heart. I wish you to be able to act well, make your words come true, move to an important position, and be promoted to a great position. Hearing the praise increases my envy, and I am more like you. I am deeply beautiful and sincere. Because I care about things, I move to this land, and I want to be good to you. On May 8th, my uncle Suiliang reported to Xue Bashi.Due to his family background and his own talents, Chu Suiliang was highly valued by Taizong. He successively served as the sixth-grade secretary, admonishment official, guest of the prince, Huangmen minister, Dali minister of the school, and finally the powerful Zhongshu Ling (chief prime minister). , and even served as the minister of Gu Ming who assisted the prince (Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty). Chu Suiliang's honest and outspoken words were adopted by many Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. However, when Taizong died and Gaozong succeeded to the throne, Chu Suiliang's direct advice was met with death. In the sixth year of Yonghui reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, in order to oppose Emperor Gaozong's dethronement of the king and the establishment of Wu Zhaoyi, Chu Suiliang was strict in his words. In the court, he placed the imperial hut on the steps, took off his crown, took off his scarf, kowtowed down on the steps, and blood splattered on his head. Wu Zetian cursed from behind the curtain: "Why not kill this animal!" But in the end, Emperor Gaozong still appointed Zhaoyi as his queen. Soon, Chu Suiliang was demoted to Aizhou for the crime of conspiracy and died in office. After that, his descendants had many wives, and his two sons, Yanfu and Yanchong, were killed. A generation of good ministers had a tragic ending, but Chu Suiliang's reputation was also recorded in the annals of history.
Chu Suiliang was promoted as one of the four regular script writers in the early Tang Dynasty, and his main achievements were also in regular script. "Book Review of the Tang Dynasty" said that his calligraphy is: "Gold is born in the words, jade is moist between the lines, the rules are gentle and elegant, and the beauty is versatile." The predecessors commented on Chu Suiliang's calligraphy, "It is as green and trivial as the Yaotai, reflecting the spring forest, the beauty Chanjuan, not "Ren Luoqi added beauty and grace, and Ou Yu thanked him" (Zhang Huaiguan's "Book Break") "Elegant and gorgeous" (Zhu Changwen's "Mochi"), "Chu Deng was good at winning with posture, so his writing was constantly changing" (Jiang Heng's "Clumsy") Cuntang inscription and postscript"). This shows that his writing style belongs to the beautiful line. But Chu Suiliang's sparse and thin appearance is not skinny. Wang Shu said that "Chu Gongshu looks sparse and thin, but in fact he is plump and plump. He looks ancient and plain, but in fact he is elegant." This should be the words of a knowledgeable person. To sum up, Chu Suiliang's regular script lines are thin and strong, his words are rigorous, his writing style is rhythmic, gorgeous yet vigorous. He inherits the calligraphy of the Sui people and the calligraphy style of the Tang Dynasty below. He is an important figure who inherits the past and the future. Some people say that his calligraphy has become common people, but in fact, Chu Suiliang's calligraphy has contributed to the popularization of calligraphy.
Chu Suiliang's calligraphy "My Nephew's Notes"
Chu Suiliang regular script, known as Chu Shu in the world, is one of the classic Fa books imitated by later generations. But it is not water without a source. Zhang Huaizha's book "Shu Duan" says that "the few are obedient to the Yu prison, the long is the ancestor described the right army." Yu Jian's calligraphy, strictly abide by the right army, the inner connotation, and Chu Suiliang thin and hard very different. And his father Chu Liang and Ouyang Xun are good, view Chu Suiliang's early calligraphy, quite a lot of Liyi, and Ouyang Xun many similarities. When Chu Liang and Ouyang Xun became officials in the Sui Dynasty, Chu Suiliang was about 16 years old, which was the year of Zhixue, so he learned from Ouyang Xun. Looking at its "Yique Buddhist Niche Stele", the stele is close to Sui stele style and also has European style wind God, which can be used as evidence. In addition, Li Sizhen's book "Shu Hou Pin" says that Tang Taizong , Li Yuanchang (King of Han), and Chu Suiliang "all received Shi Ling". Shi Ling is Sui, "Shu Duan" said that it "also has a high ancient, hurt in thin", just similar to Chu Suiliang style. However, the relationship between Yu Shinan and Chu Suiliang is bound to affect Chu's style of writing. In the first year of Zhenguan, Taizong gathered 24 children of five or more in Hongwen Hall and "taught Yu Shinan Ouyang Xun the Kai Method". In the following year, he set up a book school in Guozijian and placed a doctor of book school to teach book school. Chu Suiliang was in charge of the book writing secretary Lang, the style of the book by Yu Shinan, Ouyang Xun's influence should be The so-called "Zu Shu right army" came after Emperor Taizong collected Wang Xizhi's calligraphy in Zhenguan 13 years. In Zhenguan ten years, Chu Suiliang was summoned by Taizong as a secretary, and all the King's books presented by the world were inevitable identified by Chu Suiliang, "At that time, no one could distinguish the authenticity of ancient books, and there was no mismanagement." He also edited the Right Army Bibliography. However, at this time, Chu Suiliang's style of writing has been basically determined , but it is only further improved, so the calligraphy of the right army is not fundamental to his influence. The most important effect is to distinguish between the real and the false, rather than blindly thin and hard.
Epitaph of Sima Qian's Concubine Accompanying Qing Entertainment (Biography) by Chu Suiliang
It can be seen that Chu Shu calligraphy, the most influenced by Shi Ling, its overall style has not yet jumped out of the Sui Dynasty inscription calligraphy circle, but the later is more or less revealed the Tang script style of the wind God, so the above said on the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty opened, intended to also.
Chu Shu short, predecessors called "Fengyan carving", "hate the lack of nature, work Qin Jing Yun Yun." As an active participant in the WTO, his calligraphy is also based on practical. The book study course of Guozijian should also be to learn practical calligraphy, so carving, regularity, not natural enough, etc., is inevitable, which is also a common problem of the whole Tang Dynasty regular script. Comparatively speaking, Chu Suiliang's calligraphy is more lively than other regular script masters of the Tang Dynasty, which is the main reason why Chu Suiliang once appeared in the calligraphy circle today. However, the study of Chu today, or the loss of weakness, or the loss of thin, I do not know Chu book in the thin strength of The rich, smart and vigorous, is the loss of scholars, not Chu's fault.
There are more than ten pieces of calligraphy handed down by Chu Suiliang, most of which are inscriptions. "Meng Master Stele" more Liyi, more round pen, style close to Europe, Yu, knot characters with pen lost in formality. The excellent should push "Yanta sacred teaching preface tablet" and "Big character Yin Fu Jing". The former is Chu Suiliang's representative work, thin font, knot word precision, and use of calligraphy, gorgeous show strength, wind God dreagging, people call Jinsheng jade run , elegant and romantic, a masterpiece. "Da Zi Yin Fu Jing" is an inkblot paper, passed down as a work in his later years. The brushwork is strong, the sense is ancient and light, calm and cheerful. Although there is a suspicion of artifacts, but its artistic achievements are obvious, enough to be faked. Other inks are also worthy of study, but you must know what to choose and take the best of them.
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